Huaweida Testing & Certification (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

RoHS Testing

RoHS Testing (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) is an environmental test that restricts the use of specific hazardous substances in electrical and electronic products, aiming to reduce the harm of electronic waste to the environment and human health. Originating from the Directive on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS Directive) issued by the European Union in 2003, this testing standard has now been adopted for reference by many countries and regions worldwide, serving as a critical compliance requirement for electrical and electronic products to access markets.

Core Controlled Substances of ROHS Testing

The EU RoHS Directive has been revised many times. Currently, ten substances are under the latest control (RoHS 2.0), detailed as follows:

Lead (Pb): Limit value 0.1% (1000mg/kg), commonly found in solder, plastic additives, batteries, etc.
Mercury (Hg): Limit value 0.1%, mostly present in fluorescent lamps, thermometers, switches and so on.
Cadmium (Cd): Limit value 0.01% (100mg/kg), exists in electroplating coatings, pigments, batteries, etc.
Hexavalent Chromium (Cr (VI)): Limit value 0.1%, used for metal anti-corrosion treatment (such as chromium plating), pigments, etc.
Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBBs): Limit value 0.1%, once used as flame retardants in plastics, circuit boards and other products.
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs): Limit value 0.1%, same as above, applied as flame retardants.
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP): Limit value 0.1%, a plastic plasticizer widely used in wires, cables and plastic housings.
Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP): Limit value 0.1%, a plasticizer used in PVC materials.
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP): Limit value 0.1%, a plasticizer used in plastics and adhesives.
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP): Limit value 0.1%, a plasticizer used as a substitute for DBP.

Note: RoHS-like regulations in different countries/regions (such as China RoHS, California RoHS of the US, etc.) may have slight differences in controlled substances, which shall be confirmed pertinently.

Scope of Application

RoHS testing is mainly applicable to Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE), including but not limited to:

Household appliances (refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, microwave ovens, etc.);
Information technology equipment (computers, mobile phones, printers, servers, etc.);
Communication equipment (routers, switches, telephones, etc.);
Lighting equipment (LED lamps, fluorescent lamps, desk lamps, etc.);
Power tools, medical devices, monitoring equipment, electronic components in toys, etc.

Certain products are exempted from control (such as specific components of medical devices). Please refer to the exemption lists specified in the regulations of various countries for details.

Region	Regulation Name	Core Features
EU	2011/65/EU (RoHS 2.0)	It restricts 10 substances and applies to electrical and electronic equipment. The CE marking is required as a mandatory part of CE certification.
China	Measures for the Administration of Restrictions on the Use of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products (China RoHS 2.0)	Implemented in 2021, it controls 10 substances. Products are divided into two categories: compliance management and mandatory certification, with labeling of hazardous substance content required.
California, USA	CSPA (California Proposition 65)	It covers a broader range of controlled substances (including RoHS substances). Enterprises are required to warn of potential hazardous substances in products, otherwise litigation risks will be incurred.
Japan	JIS C 0950	Referencing EU RoHS, it controls six basic substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, PBBs and PBDEs.
South Korea	RoHS Requirements under KC Certification	It restricts 10 substances consistent with EU standards and is integrated into the KC certification process.

Service Process

Confirm Test Objects
Split test units according to product structure (such as plastic housings, metal parts, circuit boards, wires, etc.). Different materials shall be tested separately.
Sample Preparation
Provide representative samples (normally 50-100g for each test unit, or as required by the testing laboratory) and ensure the samples are free from contamination.
Test Methods. Chemical analysis methods are adopted, with common standards as follows:
Heavy metals (Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium): Tested by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), etc.;
Organic substances (PBBs, PBDEs, phthalates): Tested by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry).
Issue Test Report
The testing laboratory issues a RoHS test report based on test results, clarifying whether the content of each substance meets limit requirements. The report generally includes sample information, Test Items, test methods, result judgment, etc.

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