Material analysis and testing is a technology that characterizes the composition, structure, properties and defects of materials by means of physical, chemical or microscopic analysis. It aims to reveal the nature, quality or failure causes of materials, and is widely used in various fields to provide basis for material research and development, production, quality control and failure diagnosis.
Its core content falls into four categories:
First, composition analysis, which measures chemical composition and content. ICP-MS, XRF and other instruments are adopted for elemental analysis, while FTIR, GC-MS and others are used for chemical composition analysis. For example, FTIR can identify plastic types;
Second, structural analysis for investigating microstructures. XRD is used for crystal structure analysis, SEM for microscopic morphology observation, and ultrasonic testing for internal structure inspection. For instance, SEM can determine the causes of metal fracture;
Third, performance testing to evaluate physical, mechanical and chemical properties, such as salt spray testing for corrosion resistance assessment;
Fourth, failure analysis to trace the root causes of failures through visual inspection, composition analysis and other procedures, such as investigating the cracking causes of electronic equipment housings.
